Technetium-99m HM-PAO-labeled leukocytes in detection of inflammatory lesions: comparison with gallium-67 citrate

Forty-three patients with suspected benign, inflammatory, or infectious diseases were imaged with [99mTc]HM-PAO-labeled leukocytes and [67Ga]citrate. Technetium-99m leukocytes showed 22 true-positive, no false-positive, 19 true-negative, and two false-negative findings and [67Ga]citrate 23, 7, 12 and 1, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values with 99mTc leukocytes were 92%, 100%, and 95%, and with [67Ga]citrate 96%, 63%, and 81%. Technetium-99m leukocyte scintigraphy has a promising future in comparison with [67Ga]citrate because of the ready availability of [99mTc]HM-PAO, the good image quality, more rapid results (within few hours), and the lower radiation exposure to the patient with 99mTc leukocytes. The usefulness of 99mTc leukocytes in chronic osteomyelitis needs further evaluation.