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Viral hepatitis: Indian scenario.

Sandeep Satsangi1, Yogesh K Chawla2

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Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Viral hepatitis poses a significant health threat in India, comparable to major communicable diseases. This review covers the virology and current situation of viral hepatitis in India, focusing on Hepatitis A, E, B, and C viruses.

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Health care burdenIndian scenarioViral hepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Viral hepatitis represents a substantial healthcare burden in India, paralleling threats from HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis.
  • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are enterically transmitted, causing acute infections and epidemics.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are parenterally transmitted, leading to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the fundamental virologic characteristics of major hepatitis viruses.
  • To present an overview of the current epidemiological landscape of viral hepatitis in India.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on virologic aspects.
  • Analysis of the current status and epidemiology of viral hepatitis in India.

Main Results:

  • HAV and HEV cause acute viral hepatitis through enteric transmission.
  • HBV and HCV are linked to chronic hepatitis, with significant global prevalence, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region.
  • Approximately 400 million individuals worldwide are affected by chronic hepatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Viral hepatitis, encompassing HAV, HEV, HBV, and HCV, is a critical public health concern in India.
  • Understanding the virology and epidemiology is crucial for managing the viral hepatitis epidemic in India.