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Unhappy Cities.

Edward L Glaeser1, Joshua D Gottlieb2, Oren Ziv3

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This summary is machine-generated.

People living in declining US cities report lower subjective well-being. New residents are just as unhappy, suggesting happiness is traded off against other life objectives.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Urban Studies
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Subjective well-being varies significantly across US metropolitan areas.
  • Residents of economically declining cities report lower happiness levels compared to other urban areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between urban decline and resident happiness.
  • To understand why individuals move to and remain in areas with lower reported well-being.
  • To explore the role of happiness within individual utility functions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of self-reported subjective well-being data across US metropolitan areas.
  • Examination of residential mobility patterns in relation to city economic status.
  • Historical analysis of well-being data in relation to past urban prosperity.

Main Results:

  • Persistent differences in self-reported well-being exist across US metropolitan areas.
  • Residents of declining cities consistently report lower levels of happiness.
  • New residents in declining areas exhibit similar unhappiness levels to long-term residents.
  • Historical data suggests declining cities were also unhappy during prosperous periods.

Conclusions:

  • Individual utility maximization involves more than just happiness; other objectives are considered.
  • People may intentionally trade off personal happiness for other competing life goals or objectives.
  • The decision to move to or stay in certain urban areas reflects a complex utility calculation beyond simple happiness maximization.