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Related Concept Videos

Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

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If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...
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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
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Flow stabilization by subsurface phonons.

M I Hussein1, S Biringen1, O R Bilal1

  • 1Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

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|August 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate how surface vibrations can control fluid flow instabilities. This passive flow control method uses phonon motion to generate surface deformations that counteract turbulence, offering a new approach for vehicles and pipelines.

Keywords:
flow controlflow instabilityfluid–structure interactionphonon band structurephononic materialsphononics

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Condensed-matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Fluid-structure interaction is crucial for understanding drag on vehicles and pipelines.
  • Laminar-to-turbulent transition leads to increased drag and energy loss.
  • Controlling flow instabilities is key to improving efficiency and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel passive flow control method using surface phonon motion.
  • To theoretically demonstrate how surface deformations can impede flow instabilities.
  • To explore the underlying mechanism of frequency-dependent destructive interference.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of fluid-structure interaction.
  • Analysis of phonon dynamics beneath a solid surface.
  • Simulation of spatio-temporal elastic deformation profiles.
  • Investigation of wave interference phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Phonon motion can be tuned to create surface deformations that counter flow instabilities.
  • Frequency-dependent destructive interference of unstable flow waves is the underlying mechanism.
  • The converse process of flow destabilization was also demonstrated.
  • A novel passive flow control strategy was theoretically validated.

Conclusions:

  • Surface phonon manipulation offers a new paradigm for passive flow control.
  • This approach bridges condensed-matter physics and fluid dynamics.
  • The findings have potential applications in reducing drag for transportation and infrastructure.