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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Bone density and depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.

Julietta Ursula Schweiger1, Ulrich Schweiger1, Michael Hüppe2

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Brain and Behavior
|August 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression is linked to lower bone mineral density (BMD), increasing fracture risk. This meta-analysis confirms reduced BMD in depressed individuals across various skeletal sites.

Keywords:
Absorptiometrybone densitydepressive disordermeta‐analysisosteoporosisphoton

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Psychiatry
  • Metabolic Bone Disease

Background:

  • Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a significant risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and frailty.
  • Depressive disorders are increasingly recognized as a condition with potential systemic implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the existing evidence on the association between depression and reduced BMD.
  • To quantify the extent of BMD reduction in individuals diagnosed with depression.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted using studies retrieved from the PubMed database.
  • Inclusion criteria specified human studies measuring BMD (lumbar spine, femur, or hip) via DEXA in depressed individuals compared to healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one studies involving 1842 depressed and 17,401 non-depressed individuals were analyzed.
  • Significant reductions in BMD were observed in the lumbar spine (d=-0.15), femur (d=-0.34), and total hip (d=-0.14) in depressed individuals.
  • Sex-specific differences were noted, with women showing lower BMD in the spine and femur, and men in the hip. Low BMD was prevalent across all age groups.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with depressive disorders exhibit reduced bone mineral density.
  • The findings indicate a consistent pattern of low BMD associated with depression, though potential mediating factors require further investigation.