[Gastric mucosa in patients with fundic hyperplastic polyps]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Pathology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Fundic hyperplastic polyps (FP) and foveolar hyperplastic polyps (HP) are common gastric lesions.
• Understanding their distinct functional and morphological characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin, and serum pepsinogen 1 (PG1) levels.
• To evaluate the morphological characteristics of gastric mucosa in patients with FP and HP.
• To differentiate FP from HP based on functional and morphological assessments.

Main Methods:

• Gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin, and serum PG1 levels were measured.
• Histological examination of gastric biopsy specimens was performed.
• 24 patients with FP, 34 with HP, and 62 controls were included.

Main Results:

• FP patients showed no significant differences in gastric function or PG1 levels compared to controls.
• HP patients frequently presented with hypochlorhydria, hypergastrinemia, and hypopepsinogenemia.
• Histology revealed normal gastric mucosa in FP patients, contrasting with severe atrophic gastritis in HP patients.

Conclusions:

• Fundic hyperplastic polyps (FP) are functionally and morphologically distinct from foveolar hyperplastic polyps (HP).
• HP is associated with significant alterations in gastric acid secretion, gastrin, pepsinogen levels, and fundic gastritis.
• These findings highlight the importance of differentiating between FP and HP for clinical practice.