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Eosinophils, probiotics, and the microbiome.

Helene F Rosenberg1, Joanne C Masterson2,3, Glenn T Furuta2,3

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Journal of Leukocyte Biology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Probiotics may reduce gut inflammation by altering microflora. Eosinophils play a key role in gut homeostasis and immunity, interacting with bacteria, but their ability to distinguish between pathogenic and probiotic species requires further study.

Keywords:
BifidobacteriumLactobacilluscytokinesinflammationmucosal

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Probiotic microorganisms are of therapeutic interest for modulating gut microflora and inflammation.
  • Eosinophils are crucial leukocytes in gastrointestinal mucosa, involved in local immunity and gut homeostasis.
  • Absence of eosinophils impacts gut microflora composition and pathogen response, such as Clostridium difficile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of eosinophils in maintaining gut homeostasis and their interaction with gut microflora.
  • To investigate the relationship between eosinophils, allergic inflammation, and lung microflora in humans.
  • To determine if eosinophils can differentiate between pathogenic and probiotic bacterial species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies involving genetically altered mice and human subjects.
  • Analysis of eosinophil function in gut homeostasis and immune responses.
  • Examination of the association between eosinophils and bacterial phyla in lung microflora.

Main Results:

  • Eosinophils are integral to maintaining gut homeostasis and influence gut microflora.
  • A distinct association exists between eosinophil infiltration and Actinobacteria in human lung microflora during allergic inflammation.
  • Eosinophils interact with bacteria in vivo, but their discriminatory capacity between pathogenic and probiotic strains is unclear.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophils are critical for gut homeostasis and interact with the gut microbiome.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of eosinophil-bacteria interactions and their role in distinguishing between beneficial and harmful bacteria.