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The Steroid Hormone 20-Hydroxyecdysone Promotes the Cytoplasmic Localization of Yorkie to Suppress Cell Proliferation

Di Wang1, Xiang-Ru Li1, Du-Juan Dong1

  • 1From the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|August 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls Yorkie (Yki) localization in Helicoverpa armigera. This regulation by 20E promotes apoptosis by retaining Yki in the cytoplasm, impacting insect development.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Insect Physiology

Background:

  • The Hippo pathway's transcriptional co-activator Yorkie (Yki) controls cell proliferation and apoptosis.
  • Upstream regulators of Yki's subcellular localization, crucial for its function, remain largely unknown.
  • Yki plays a role in insect metamorphosis and tissue development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the upstream factors regulating the subcellular localization of Yki.
  • To elucidate the role of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in Yki regulation.
  • To understand how Yki localization impacts apoptosis and cell proliferation during insect development.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated Yki expression and localization in Helicoverpa armigera midgut and epidermal cells during different developmental stages.
  • Utilized knockdown and overexpression techniques for Yki in larval midgut and epidermal cell lines.
  • Analyzed the effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on Yki phosphorylation, localization, and interaction with 14-3-3-ϵ.

Main Results:

  • 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) induces Yki phosphorylation, leading to its cytoplasmic retention and promoting apoptosis in the midgut.
  • Yki knockdown in feeding larvae accelerated metamorphosis, induced midgut apoptosis, and reduced inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (IAP1) expression.
  • Yki knockdown in epidermal cells increased Caspase3/7 activation, while Yki overexpression induced cell proliferation.
  • 20E enhances Yki phosphorylation and its interaction with 14-3-3-ϵ, suppressing proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • The steroid hormone 20E is a key upstream regulator of Yki localization and function in Helicoverpa armigera.
  • 20E-mediated cytoplasmic retention of Yki is essential for inducing apoptosis and regulating metamorphosis.
  • Yki's dynamic subcellular localization, controlled by hormonal cues, is critical for balancing cell proliferation and apoptosis during insect development.
Keywords:
20-hydroxyecdysoneHippo pathwayYorkieapoptosiscell proliferationcytoplasmic localizationinsectsteroid hormone

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