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Using the shortwave infrared to image middle ear pathologies.

Jessica A Carr1, Tulio A Valdez2, Oliver T Bruns1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Shortwave infrared (SWIR) otoscopy offers deeper visualization of middle ear structures than visible light. This new imaging technique aids in diagnosing middle ear pathologies and detecting middle ear fluid, potentially reducing antibiotic resistance.

Keywords:
endogenous contrastoptical imagingotitis mediaotoscopyshortwave infrared

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Optical Physics

Background:

  • Opaque biological tissues pose challenges for deep imaging.
  • Visible light imaging is limited by scattering and absorption in tissues.
  • Shortwave infrared (SWIR) light offers greater penetration depth in biological tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diagnostic potential of SWIR light for middle ear pathologies.
  • To develop a medical otoscope utilizing SWIR imaging technology.
  • To assess SWIR otoscopy's ability to visualize middle ear structures and detect middle ear fluid.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a medical otoscope using newly available SWIR detector technology.
  • Utilizing SWIR light (1-2 μm) for enhanced optical penetration.
  • Testing the device on healthy adult human ears and a model for middle ear fluid detection.

Main Results:

  • SWIR otoscopy provided improved visualization of middle ear structures (ossicular chain, promontory, etc.) through the tympanic membrane.
  • Middle ear fluid was detected due to its strong light absorption between 1,400-1,550 nm.
  • The SWIR otoscope demonstrated clinical translatability with user-friendly ergonomics and operation.

Conclusions:

  • SWIR otoscopy is a promising tool for improved middle ear diagnostics, complementary to visible pneumotoscopy.
  • The technology facilitates noninvasive visualization of subsurface tissue features.
  • SWIR otoscopy can aid in diagnosing otitis media and potentially combat antibiotic resistance.