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The mechanical characteristics of steel are assessed through various tests that evaluate its strength, toughness, and flexibility. These tests include tension, torsion, impact, bending, and hardness assessments, each providing crucial information about steel's suitability for specific applications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Published on: November 22, 2016

Capability in Rockwell C Scale Hardness.

W S Liggett¹, S R Low¹, D J Pitchure¹

¹National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8980.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

|August 24, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Establishing Rockwell C scale hardness measurement system capability requires assessing uncertainty and the link between hardness and product properties. This study details methods for evaluating uncertainty components and improving surface variation analysis.

Keywords:

calibration critical to product quality experimental design indentation hardness measurement system comparison spatial statistics standard reference material surface measurement test method trend elimination uncertainty component

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Metrology
Mechanical Engineering

Background:

Measurement system capability is crucial for demonstrating compliance with product specifications.
Assessing Rockwell C scale hardness requires evaluating measurement uncertainty and its relationship to product properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a methodology for assessing the capability of Rockwell C scale hardness measurement systems.
To detail the components of measurement uncertainty and methods for their assessment.
To introduce improved handling of hardness variation across test block surfaces.

Main Methods:

Component-by-component assessment of uncertainty: lack of repeatability, lack of reproducibility, machine error, and indenter error.
Utilizing standard test blocks and NIST Standard Reference Materials (SRMs).
Developing improved methods for analyzing hardness variation across surfaces.

Main Results:

A systematic approach to quantifying measurement uncertainty in Rockwell C hardness testing.
Identification of key uncertainty components and their contribution to overall measurement error.
Enhanced techniques for addressing surface-to-surface hardness variability.

Conclusions:

Accurate assessment of measurement uncertainty is essential for determining system capability.
Understanding uncertainty components guides system upgrades and improvements.
The proposed methods offer broader applicability to other local surface measurement techniques.