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Reflection and Phase Matching in Plasmonic Gold Tapers.

Surong Guo1, Nahid Talebi1, Wilfried Sigle1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

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Summary

Surface plasmon dynamics in gold tapers are driven by reflection or phase matching, depending on the taper angle. This competition between mechanisms influences electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) findings.

Keywords:
Phase matchingelectron energy-loss spectroscopygold tapernumerical simulationsplasmonsreflection

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Area of Science:

  • * Physics of Nanomaterials
  • * Surface Plasmonics
  • * Electron Spectroscopy

Background:

  • * Surface plasmons are collective electron oscillations on metal surfaces.
  • * Gold nanostructures exhibit unique plasmonic properties.
  • * Understanding plasmon dynamics is crucial for nanoscale optics and electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * Investigate the dynamic mechanisms of surface plasmons in gold tapers.
  • * Analyze the role of taper geometry on plasmon excitation.
  • * Differentiate between reflection and phase matching mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • * Experimental study using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS).
  • * Theoretical analysis via finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations.
  • * Examination of gold tapers with opening angles from 5° to 47°.

Main Results:

  • * Observed distinct resonances along the taper shaft across all angles.
  • * Identified two competing mechanisms: reflection and phase matching.
  • * Phase matching dominates in large angle tapers (>20°); reflection dominates in small angle tapers (<10°).

Conclusions:

  • * The origin of plasmon resonances in gold tapers is angle-dependent.
  • * A transition in dominant mechanism occurs at intermediate angles.
  • * Findings provide insight into controlling plasmon behavior in nanostructures.