ARFI: from basic principles to clinical applications in diffuse chronic disease-a review
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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma
Published on: September 20, 2024
Costanza Bruno1, Salvatore Minniti2, Alessandra Bucci3
1Department of Radiology, Verona University, P.le LA Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy. costanza_bruno@libero.it.
Unlabelled:
The many factors influencing the shear wave velocity (SWV) measured with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) are examined in order to define the most correct examination technique. In particular, attention is given to the information achieved by experimental models, such as phantoms and animal studies. This review targets the clinical applications of ARFI in the evaluation of chronic diffuse disease, especially of liver and kidneys. The contribution of ARFI to the clinical workout of these patients and some possible perspectives are described.
Teaching Points:
• Stiffness significantly varies among normal and abnormal biological tissues. • In clinical applications physical, geometrical, anatomical and physiological factors influence the SWV. • Elastographic techniques can quantify fibrosis, which is directly related to stiffness. • ARFI can be useful in chronic diffuse disease of liver and kidney.
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