Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

385
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
385
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

972
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
972
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

415
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
415
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

847
IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
847
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

717
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
717

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Voice Outcomes of Patients Intubated for Critical COVID Illness: A Multicenter Study.

OTO open·2026
Same author

Diagnosis and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Cough: An American Broncho-Esophagological Association Expert Consensus Statement.

The Laryngoscope·2026
Same author

Prospective Study of Long-Term Outcomes and the Patient Experience With Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block for Chronic Cough.

The Laryngoscope·2025
Same author

Dysphagia Outcomes in Zenker Diverticulum: A Longitudinal POuCH Study.

The Laryngoscope·2025
Same author

Surgical Nonresponders in Zenker Diverticulum and Lower Esophageal Pathology (POUCH Collaborative).

The Laryngoscope·2024
Same author

Adjuvant Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Recurrent Respiratory Papilloma Patients Older than 45.

The Laryngoscope·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
06:59

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Published on: August 26, 2025

687

Can PFTS Differentiate PVFMD From Subglottic Stenosis?

Liuba Soldatova1, Candace Hrelec2, Laura Matrka3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|August 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) can differentiate Subglottic Stenosis (SGS) from Paradoxic Vocal Fold Movement Disorder (PVFMD). Spirometry, specifically peak expiratory flow rate and expiratory disproportion index, showed significant differences between the two conditions.

Keywords:
expiratory disproportion indexparadoxic vocal fold motion disorderparadoxic vocal fold movement disorderpulmonary function testsubglottic stenosisvocal cord dysfunction

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Method for the Visualization and Assessment of Specific Parameters of the Pulmonary Veins
06:48

Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Method for the Visualization and Assessment of Specific Parameters of the Pulmonary Veins

Published on: October 28, 2020

3.4K
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
07:41

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

Published on: February 8, 2022

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
06:59

Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Published on: August 26, 2025

687
Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Method for the Visualization and Assessment of Specific Parameters of the Pulmonary Veins
06:48

Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Method for the Visualization and Assessment of Specific Parameters of the Pulmonary Veins

Published on: October 28, 2020

3.4K
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
07:41

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

Published on: February 8, 2022

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Paradoxic Vocal Fold Movement Disorder (PVFMD) and Subglottic Stenosis (SGS) are distinct upper airway conditions.
  • Differentiating PVFMD from SGS can be challenging, impacting appropriate treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs), including spirometry and flow volume loops, in distinguishing between PVFMD and SGS.
  • To determine if specific PFT parameters can reliably differentiate these two conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of PFT records and medical histories from 49 patients with PVFMD and 39 patients with SGS.
  • Comparison of PFT results between groups, with subgroup analysis based on smoking history and presence of lung disease.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) and the Expiratory Disproportion Index (FEV1/PEFR) between SGS and PVFMD patients (p<0.02).
  • Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) also showed significant differences, particularly in patients without a history of smoking or lung disease (p<0.02).

Conclusions:

  • Spirometry is a valuable tool for differentiating Subglottic Stenosis (SGS) from Paradoxic Vocal Fold Movement Disorder (PVFMD).
  • PFTs can increase suspicion for SGS, guiding further diagnostic work-up, especially when laryngoscopy provides incomplete visualization of the subglottis.