Effect of interferon-β1α therapy on multiple sclerosis based on gadolinium-enhancing or active T2 magnetic resonance...

Interferon-beta1alpha (IFN-β1α) is widely used to modify the course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. However, many patients have relapses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a predictor of IFN-β1α treatment efficacy in patients with MS.

PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify eligible studies. Manual searches were also conducted. All eligible trials included MS patients who received IFN-β1α based on gadolinium-enhancing or active T2 MRI lesions for determination of relapse rates.

Of 499 identified studies, we included 10 trials reporting data on 6,037 MS patients. IFN-β1α therapy significantly reduced the risk of relapse (RR: 0.87; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.76-0.99; p = 0.032). Furthermore, baseline median T2 lesion volume was found to be related to IFN-β1α therapy and relapse (p = 0.018). Subgroup analysis suggested that IFN-β1α therapy was associated with reduced risk of relapse (RR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.71-0.94; p = 0.005 versus placebo). However, there was no significant difference in the risk of relapse compared to treatment with low dose IFN-β1α (RR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.80-1.08; p = 0.337) or glatiramer acetate (RR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.77-1.14; p = 0.506). Finally, IFN-β1α therapy significantly increased the risk of injection-site disorders, influenza-like syndrome, and alanine transferase elevation.

Effects of IFN-β1α therapy are associated with a statistically significant impact on baseline median T2 lesion volume. However, the safety outcomes are significantly worse in patients who receive IFN-β1α therapy.