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Related Concept Videos

Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

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Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
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Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

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The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

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High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
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Types Of Column Chromatography01:29

Types Of Column Chromatography

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The stability and compatibility of column material with samples are crucial for efficient purification in chromatographic techniques. Various operating parameters such as pH, temperature, or solvent affect the packing of the column material, thereby determining the purification efficiency. The choice of column material also plays an essential role in deciding the operating parameters and can be modified based on the proteins that need to be purified.
Gel Filtration Chromatography
When the...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

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High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
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Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
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Fiber-based monolithic columns for liquid chromatography.

Michael Ladisch1, Leyu Zhang2

  • 1Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2022, USA. ladisch@purdue.edu.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|August 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Fiber-based monoliths offer rapid, cost-effective liquid chromatography separations for various molecules. These advanced materials minimize stagnant liquid, enabling efficient bioseparation and versatile applications in analytical and preparative scales.

Keywords:
Aligned fiber stationary phasesFiber stapleLiquid chromatographyPress-fit devicesProtein separationsRolled stationary phases

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Fiber-based monoliths, developed 25 years ago, aim to reduce bioseparation costs and improve efficiency.
  • Traditional chromatography faces challenges with stagnant liquid and residence time, impacting separation speed and cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review developments and research in fiber-based monoliths for liquid chromatography.
  • To explore the potential of fiber-based monoliths for analytical and preparative scale separations.
  • To discuss stationary phases, a model for constant plate height, and new fiber chemistries.

Main Methods:

  • Packing columns with aligned fibers, woven matrices, or contiguous fiber structures.
  • Investigating fluid transport phenomena and surface chemistry interactions.
  • Developing hydrodynamically stable fiber columns and new fiber chemistries.

Main Results:

  • Fiber-based monoliths minimize stagnant liquid, leading to constant plate height for non-adsorbing species.
  • Dispersion is uncoupled from eluent flow rate, allowing separate optimization of chemistry and fluid dynamics.
  • New fiber chemistries and stable column packing enhance versatility, especially for preparative chromatography.

Conclusions:

  • Fiber-based monoliths provide a versatile platform for rapid and cost-effective separations in liquid chromatography.
  • Advancements in materials and methods extend the utility of fiber monoliths for both analytical and preparative applications.
  • This technology offers new tools for engineering efficient bioseparations.