Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by the development of ulcers in the stomach or duodenal mucosa. Its pathophysiology is complex, involving a balance between damaging and protective elements.
Damaging agents such as Helicobacter pylori, gastric acid, pepsin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can weaken the mucosal defense, allowing hydrogen ions to infiltrate back and harm epithelial cells.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic Ulcer Disease II: Pathophysiology

Peptic ulcer disease develops when protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa are overwhelmed by harmful factors, leading to localized erosions in the stomach or proximal duodenum. The main causes are Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Helicobacter pylori–Induced InjuryBacterial Adaptation and Colonization:H. pylori is a spiral, Gram-negative bacterium adapted to the acidic stomach. and transmitted through oral-oral or...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Spinal and Leptomeningeal Infantile Glioma With Raf1 Fusion: Diagnostic Challenges for a Potentially Novel Tumour Type.

Neuropathology and applied neurobiology·2025

Same author

Uptake and experience of professional interpreting services in primary care in a South Asian population: a national cross-sectional study.

BMC primary care·2024

Same author

Germline PTCH1: c.361_362insAlu alteration identified by comprehensive exome and RNA sequencing in a patient with Gorlin syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A·2024

Same author

Clinically significant findings in a decade-long retrospective study of prenatal chromosomal microarray testing.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine·2024

Same author

A LINE-1 mediated deletion resulting in germline retinoblastoma predisposition.

Neuro-oncology advances·2024

Same author

Fatal brainstem injury following proton radiation in a patient with medulloblastoma and a germline variant in RNF213.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 21, 2026

Application of a Mouse Ligated Peyer’s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

Application of a Mouse Ligated Peyer’s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

Published on: December 17, 2011

Review article: the pathogenesis of pouchitis.

K M Schieffer¹, E D Williams², G S Yochum^1,3

¹Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA.

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

|August 25, 2016

Summary

Pouchitis, inflammation of the ileal pouch, is complex and likely results from a combination of immune system dysregulation and gut bacteria interactions, not a single cause.

More Related Videos

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Published on: August 24, 2019

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Pouchitis Research and Treatment

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Pouchitis Research and Treatment

Published on: May 31, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 21, 2026

Application of a Mouse Ligated Peyer’s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

Application of a Mouse Ligated Peyer’s Patch Intestinal Loop Assay to Evaluate Bacterial Uptake by M cells

Published on: December 17, 2011

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Published on: August 24, 2019

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Pouchitis Research and Treatment

Author Spotlight: Developing a Rat Model for Pouchitis Research and Treatment

Published on: May 31, 2024

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Surgical Pathology
Microbiome Research

Background:

Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is a surgery for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.
Pouchitis, or ileal pouch inflammation, affects 5-35% of ulcerative colitis patients and 0-11% of familial adenomatous polyposis patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively analyze research on pouchitis pathogenesis.
To identify promising research areas for understanding and managing ileal pouchitis.

Main Methods:

Review of manuscripts published between 1981 and 2015.
Analysis of hypotheses and supporting evidence for pouchitis pathogenic mechanisms.

Main Results:

Pouchitis pathogenesis is not fully understood.
Proposed mechanisms include UC recurrence, dysbiosis, nutrient deprivation, ischemia, genetic susceptibility, and immune dysregulation.
No single factor adequately explains pouchitis.

Conclusions:

Pouchitis is a complex disorder, similar to inflammatory bowel disease.
Likely caused by a combination of host inflammatory dysregulation and luminal microbiota interactions.