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    This study demonstrates a narrow-linewidth Q-switched random fiber laser (RFL) using fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and an acousto-optical modulator (AOM). Results show FBG linewidth impacts output power and pulse quality, with band-pass filters improving performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Random Fiber Lasers (RFLs) offer unique spectral properties.
    • Achieving narrow linewidths in Q-switched RFLs presents challenges.
    • Controlling output characteristics is crucial for practical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally investigate a narrow-linewidth Q-switched RFL.
    • To explore the influence of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) linewidth on laser performance.
    • To assess methods for improving output quality in such lasers.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a half-opened cavity design with a narrow-linewidth FBG and 3 km passive fiber.
    • Employed an acousto-optical modulator (AOM) for Q-switching.
    • Investigated three FBGs with different linewidths (1.21 nm, 0.56 nm, 0.12 nm) and a band-pass filter (BPF).

    Main Results:

    • Maximal output powers ranged from 0.54 W to 0.08 W corresponding to FBG linewidths.
    • Consistent repetition rates of 500 kHz and pulse durations of ~500 ns were observed.
    • Narrower FBGs led to higher pump thresholds, lower output power, and increased continuous-wave (CW) ground, which was mitigated by a BPF.

    Conclusions:

    • Demonstrated the first narrow-linewidth Q-switched RFL.
    • FBG linewidth significantly affects output power, pulse quality, and CW-ground proportion.
    • Further optimization of parameters, pump source, and efforts are needed for enhanced power scaling and linewidth narrowing.