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[Risks associated with the use of local anesthetics]
1CHR, Nimes.
Phlebologie
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Local anesthetic injections are generally safe, with rare nerve damage. Toxicity, causing neurological and cardiac issues, is the main risk, preventable with careful technique and monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Local anesthetics are widely used in medical procedures.
- Accidents, though rare, can occur following local anesthetic administration.
Purpose:
- To review the potential accidents associated with local anesthetic injections.
- To highlight the primary causes and preventative measures for local anesthetic toxicity.
Summary:
- Peripheral nerve lesions are typically mechanical, not chemical, from accidental intravenous injection.
- Allergic reactions to amine-type local anesthetics are rare, manifesting as cutaneous issues or bronchospasm.
- Systemic toxicity, characterized by neurological (convulsions) and cardiac (arrhythmias, arrest) symptoms, is the most significant risk, often linked to inadvertent intravenous injection or excessive absorption in highly vascular areas.
Impact:
- Emphasizes the importance of rigorous injection techniques and patient monitoring to prevent adverse events.
- Highlights the need for immediate reanimation readiness in case of toxication symptoms.
- Informs clinicians about the risks and management strategies for local anesthetic-related complications.