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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
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The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation

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Rhythm control in atrial fibrillation.

Jonathan P Piccini1, Laurent Fauchier2

  • 1Duke Center for Atrial Fibrillation, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|August 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Restoring normal heart rhythm (rhythm control) improves quality of life for atrial fibrillation patients. Catheter ablation offers an effective option for those with recurrent atrial fibrillation unresponsive to medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation often causes significant symptoms impacting quality of life, even with ventricular rate control.
  • Restoring and maintaining normal sinus rhythm (rhythm control) is crucial for symptomatic relief.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the considerations for pursuing rhythm control in atrial fibrillation.
  • To review therapeutic strategies for maintaining sinus rhythm, including antiarrhythmic drugs and catheter ablation.

Main Methods:

  • Rhythm control decisions are based on symptoms, atrial fibrillation type, comorbidities, and anticoagulation status.
  • Antiarrhythmic drug selection considers cardiac structure, heart failure, ECG, renal function, and comorbidities.
  • Catheter ablation is evaluated for patients with recurrent atrial fibrillation refractory to medical therapy.

Main Results:

  • Antiarrhythmic drugs are typically first-line therapy for rhythm control.
  • Catheter ablation significantly reduces recurrent atrial fibrillation, symptoms, and improves quality of life.
  • Recurrence of atrial fibrillation is possible even after advanced ablation techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Rhythm control is a key strategy for improving quality of life in symptomatic atrial fibrillation patients.
  • Catheter ablation is an effective intervention for managing recurrent atrial fibrillation when drug therapy fails.
  • Ongoing advancements in ablation techniques aim to further improve long-term success rates.