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Atractylodes lactone compounds inhibit platelet activation.

Yizhu Chen¹, Wenlong Yang¹, Lingyu Guo¹

¹a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.

|August 26, 2016

Summary

Atractylenolide-2 (ATL-2) and Atractylenolide-3 (ATL-3) from Atractylodes macrocephala inhibit platelet activation and aggregation. These natural compounds show potential for preventing thrombosis and cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:

Atractylodes lactone antiplatelet cardiovascular sesquiterpene thrombus

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Natural Products Chemistry
Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

Platelets are critical in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, necessitating antiplatelet therapies.
Natural products offer novel strategies for cardiovascular health.
Atractylenolides (ATL-1, ATL-2, ATL-3) from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae have known anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, but their impact on platelets is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of Atractylenolides (ATL) on platelet function in vitro and in vivo.
To explore the underlying mechanisms of ATL's action on platelets.
To assess the therapeutic potential of ATL for thrombosis prevention.

Main Methods:

In vitro assays measuring platelet aggregation, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release, and platelet spreading on fibrinogen.
Western blotting to analyze signaling pathways (phospho-Akt, phospho-p38 MAPK).
In vivo mouse models of ferric chloride-induced carotid arterial thrombosis and bleeding time assessment.

Main Results:

ATL-2 and ATL-3 significantly inhibited agonist-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release.
ATL-2 and ATL-3 downregulated phospho-Akt and phospho-p38 MAPK levels.
ATL-2 and ATL-3 demonstrated inhibitory effects on platelet activation comparable to acetylsalicylic acid.
ATL-2 and ATL-3 reduced platelet spreading, delayed clot retraction, extended occlusion time in vivo, and prolonged bleeding time.

Conclusions:

ATL-2 and ATL-3 possess significant antiplatelet properties.
These findings suggest ATL-2 and ATL-3 are promising candidates for novel antithrombotic therapies.
Further research into ATL-2 and ATL-3 could lead to new treatments for cardiovascular diseases.