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Diagnostic criteria of barotraumatic perilymph fistula based on clinical manifestations

Ji Eun Choi1, Il Joon Moon1, Hankyeol Kim1

  • 1a Department of Otorhinolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery , Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|August 27, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Sudden hearing loss and dizziness after barotrauma may indicate perilymph fistula (PLF). Early surgical repair of barotraumatic PLF significantly improves hearing and resolves dizziness.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Barotrauma can lead to inner ear complications.
  • Perilymph fistula (PLF) is a potential consequence of barotrauma, causing auditory and vestibular symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish diagnostic criteria for barotraumatic perilymph fistula (PLF).
  • To guide surgical indications for barotraumatic PLF.

Main Methods:

  • Surgery was performed on 26 ears of 24 patients suspected of barotraumatic PLF.
  • Analysis of barotrauma causes and clinical symptoms correlated with surgical findings.
  • Diagnostic criteria were developed based on observed clinical manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Definite PLF confirmed in 17 subjects with evidence of perilymph leak.
  • Probable PLF in 7 subjects with similar clinical presentations but no leak evidence.
  • Early symptoms included high-frequency hearing loss and positional dizziness (67%), with characteristic positional nystagmus observed.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with sudden hearing loss and dizziness post-barotrauma should be evaluated for barotraumatic PLF.
  • Early surgical repair of PLF leads to better hearing outcomes.
  • Established diagnostic criteria can aid in surgical decision-making for barotraumatic PLF.
Abstract

Keywords:
Barotraumaperilymph fistulapositional nystagmussudden sensorineural hearing loss

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