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Dental cell sheet biomimetic tooth bud model.

Nelson Monteiro1, Elizabeth E Smith1, Shantel Angstadt1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Biomaterials
|August 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers engineered biomimetic 3D tooth buds using dental cell sheets and hydrogels. These models show promise for studying tooth development and potential tooth replacement therapies.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsDental stem cellsRegenerative medicineTissue engineeringTooth development

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Developmental Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Tissue engineering offers novel therapeutic strategies for dental applications.
  • Current limitations exist in fully replicating natural tooth development for replacement therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biomimetic 3D tooth bud model for studying tooth development.
  • To create functional tooth buds for potential human tooth replacement.

Main Methods:

  • Dental epithelial (DE) and dental mesenchymal (DM) cell sheets were generated from pig cells.
  • GelMA hydrogels were used to create enamel and pulp organ layers.
  • Bioengineered 3D tooth buds were cultured in vitro and implanted in vivo.

Main Results:

  • In vitro cultured cell sheets expressed key tooth development markers (SHH, BMP2, RUNX2).
  • In vivo implanted constructs showed mineralized tissue formation and appropriate marker expression.
  • The constructs successfully mimicked DE-DM cell interactions and differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Biomimetic 3D tooth buds can be successfully engineered using cell sheets and hydrogels.
  • These models are valuable for investigating DE-DM cell interactions in tooth formation.
  • This approach holds potential for developing functional tooth replacement strategies.