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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems01:28

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems

40
Consider a ternary system, which is composed of three components: water (W), ethanoic acid (E), and trichloromethane (T). Here, Ethanoic acid (E) is fully miscible with both water (W) and trichloromethane (T), meaning it can mix entirely with either of them. However, water and trichloromethane have partial miscibility, meaning they can only mix to a certain extent, beyond which two separate phases will form.The phase diagram of a ternary system is represented as an equilateral triangle, where...
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Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

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A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
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Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

7.2K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
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Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

51.2K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
51.2K
Solid–Solid Solutions01:24

Solid–Solid Solutions

57
The temperature-composition phase diagram of two solids, A and B, which are immiscible in the solid phase but form miscible liquids, shows that when the temperature is low, these two exist as separate, pure solids (A and B). As the temperature increases, they transition into a single-phase liquid solution where A and B coexist. Moving from point a1 to a2 in the phase diagram, the composition changes such that solid B begins to separate from the solution, enriching the remaining liquid with A.
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Bewley Lattice Diagram01:12

Bewley Lattice Diagram

1.5K
The Bewley lattice diagram, developed by L. V. Bewley, effectively organizes the reflections occurring during transmission-line transients. It visually represents how voltage waves propagate and reflect within a transmission line, making it easier to understand the complex interactions that occur.
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Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
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Generic phase diagram of binary superlattices.

Alexei V Tkachenko1

  • 1Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 oleksiyt@bnl.gov.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new model for self-assembled superlattices predicts rich phase behavior in nanoparticle and colloidal systems. The model, based on binary sticky spheres, efficiently calculates phase diagrams and identifies optimal structures by maximizing particle contacts.

Keywords:
colloidsself-assemblysticky spheressuperlattices

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Area of Science:

  • Colloidal science
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Recent advances in self-assembled superlattices are driving innovation in nanoparticle and colloidal systems.
  • Existing models often lack the simplicity and broad applicability needed for diverse self-assembly mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple yet comprehensive model for predicting the phase behavior of binary self-assembled systems.
  • To provide an efficient method for calculating phase diagrams and identifying stable superlattice structures.

Main Methods:

  • A binary sticky sphere model with selective short-range attraction between large (L) and small (S) spheres was employed.
  • The model focuses on maximizing S-L contacts in the limit of strong attraction, simplifying the problem to a geometric one.
  • Phase diagrams were constructed as a function of system composition (f) and particle size ratio (r).

Main Results:

  • The model demonstrates rich phase behavior applicable to systems driven by DNA, electrostatics, or drying.
  • A general procedure for efficient phase diagram calculation and candidate phase generation was established.
  • Calculated 2D and 3D phase diagrams accurately feature most observed superlattices and predict new ones.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed binary sticky sphere model offers a powerful and efficient tool for understanding and predicting self-assembled superlattices.
  • The geometric approach simplifies complex interactions, enabling the discovery of novel material structures.
  • This work provides a framework for designing and synthesizing advanced nanoparticle and colloidal assemblies.