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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

707
Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
707
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

753
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
753
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

543
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
543
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

311
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
311
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

526
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
526
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

396
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
396

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

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Challenging Case: Stones.

Mark S Soloway1, Justin B Ziemba2, Brian R Matlaga2

  • 1Memorial Healthcare System, Aventura, FL, USA. mssoloway@yahoo.com.

Current Urology Reports
|August 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Asymptomatic kidney stones were incidentally discovered in a woman after a car accident. Further monitoring is recommended for these non-obstructing renal calculi.

Keywords:
Kidney stonesUrolithiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Kidney stones (renal calculi) are a common condition.
  • Incidental findings on imaging studies are increasingly recognized.

Observation:

  • A 40-year-old female patient sustained trauma from a motor vehicle accident.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed no traumatic injuries.
  • Three non-obstructing renal calculi measuring 3, 4, and 5 mm were incidentally noted in the left kidney.

Findings:

  • The patient was asymptomatic with no prior history of urolithiasis.
  • The incidentally found kidney stones were non-obstructing.

Implications:

  • Asymptomatic renal calculi require careful consideration for management.
  • Conservative management and surveillance may be appropriate for small, non-obstructing stones.
  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing incidental findings during diagnostic imaging.