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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

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Single-dose effects on the P3no-go ERP component predict clinical response to stimulants in pediatric ADHD

Geir Ogrim1, Ida Emilia Aasen2, Jan Ferenc Brunner3

  • 1Neuropsychiatric Unit, Østfold Hospital Trust, Aasebraatveien 27, 1605 Fredrikstad, Norway; Institute of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|August 28, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Predicting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) stimulant response is possible. Changes in the P3no-go event-related potential (ERP) component after a single stimulant dose can identify responders and non-responders in children and adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Approximately 30% of children and adolescents with ADHD are non-responders to stimulant medication.
  • Predicting stimulant response in ADHD is challenging due to a lack of reliable biomarkers.
  • Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) offer a potential objective measure for predicting treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether changes in ERPs after a single stimulant dose can predict clinical response in ADHD patients.
  • To identify specific ERP components that differentiate between responders and non-responders to stimulant treatment.

Main Methods:

  • 87 children and adolescents with ADHD (aged 8-18) underwent ERP recordings during a go/no-go task before and after a single stimulant dose.
  • Participants were categorized as responders (REs) or non-responders (non-REs) after a 4-week systematic medication trial.
  • Changes in ERP components (e.g., P3no-go, cue-P3, CNV) and behavioral measures were compared between REs and non-REs.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed between REs and non-REs in medication-induced changes in P3no-go amplitude, cue-P3, CNV, omission errors, reaction time, and reaction-time variability.
  • The P3no-go amplitude showed the largest effect size (d=1.76, p<.001).
  • Changes in P3no-go and omission errors achieved 90% accuracy in classifying REs and 76% in classifying non-REs, after controlling for age.

Conclusions:

  • Single-dose stimulant-induced changes in the P3no-go ERP component amplitude can predict clinical response in ADHD.
  • The P3no-go component may serve as a valuable clinical biomarker for predicting stimulant treatment efficacy in pediatric ADHD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
ADHDERPsP3no-goPredictionsSingle-dose-changesStimulants

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