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Lysinuric Protein Intolerance Presenting with Recurrent Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
Sunita Bijarnia-Mahay1, Vivek Jain, Rajiv Kumar Bansal
1Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, *Department of Pediatrics, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Jaipur; and Department of Biochemical Genetics, Sandor Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad; India; and Division of Metabolism, University Childrens Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Correspondence to: Dr Sunita Bijarnia Mahay, Senior Consultant, Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi 110 060. bijarnia@gmail.com.
Lysinuric protein intolerance, a genetic disorder affecting amino acid transport, can lead to hyperammonemia. Early diagnosis and management of this treatable condition ensure normal neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Metabolic Disorders
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is an inherited metabolic disorder.
- It results from defects in the transport of cationic amino acids.
- This leads to characteristic amino aciduria and potential hyperammonemia.
Observation:
- A 3-year-old boy presented with behavioral changes, poor interaction, and stunted growth.
- He experienced recurrent episodes of hyperammonemia over 12 months.
- These symptoms suggested a potential underlying metabolic disorder.
Findings:
- Genetic analysis identified a homozygous mutation (c.158C>T, p.Ser53Leu) in the SLC7A7 gene.
- This mutation is causative for lysinuric protein intolerance.
- The patient's condition was linked to impaired cationic amino acid transport.
Implications:
- Lysinuric protein intolerance is a treatable genetic disorder.
- Prompt diagnosis and management of hyperammonemia are crucial.
- Effective intervention leads to normal neurodevelopmental outcomes, preventing long-term complications.
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