[Problems in admitting and eliminating children from sports training schools]

The physical and mental load of children enlisted in the system of preparation for top sports is great. It is therefore essential to ensure very careful health care and also very strict criteria for enlistment of children to avoid pathological adaptation to the sports load. Specialized sports training of 14-18 hours per week may, in case of incorrect compensating activity, be the basis for the development of secondary changes. In the selection it is important to adhere to criteria pertaining to health, performance, function and development and to evaluate them in relation to the character of the sports discipline and preparation for attaining top performance. Based on six years' experience, it is possible to indicate for the purpose of orientation the risks of different sports for the locomotor system during ontogenesis. Cooperation of orthopaedists and specialists in sports medicine is the prerequisite of restricting possible negative sequelae of local and general overburdening. The conclusion must be always the synthesis of all examinations and conclusions must not be drawn from a single examination. The authors draw attention to mistakes in the evaluation by specialists as a result of lacking knowledge as regards the loading of the organism by training in these schools.