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The Early Indicators of Functional Decrease in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Alexandre Kubicki1, Lilian Fautrelle2, Julien Bourrelier3

  • 1Unité 1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleDijon, France; Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (STAPS)Dijon, France; Institut de Formation aux Métiers de la Santé (IFMS), Nord Franche-Comté, Hôpital Nord Franche-ComtéMontbéliard, France.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|August 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early muscle activation changes in the trunk were observed in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) during arm movements, suggesting preclinical motor alterations. These findings indicate subtle motor command modifications even before functional impairment is apparent.

Keywords:
Anticipatory Postural AdjustmentsMild Cognitive Impairmentscognitive functionsmotor controlmuscle synergy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is linked to motor deficiencies and cognitive frailty.
  • Early detection of motor changes in MCI is crucial for understanding preclinical stages.
  • Muscle synergies play a key role in coordinated movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate muscle synergy integrity during arm-pointing movements in functionally unimpaired MCI patients.
  • To identify early, preclinical motor indicators in individuals with MCI.
  • To compare motor control strategies between young adults, older adults, and MCI patients.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from 11 muscles in Young Adults (YA), Older Adults (OA), and MCI groups.
  • All participants performed 20 arm-pointing movements from a standing position.
  • Functional status was comparable between OA and MCI groups.

Main Results:

  • MCI patients showed earlier activation of the left Obliquus internus compared to OA.
  • Earlier muscle activation was observed in MCI compared to both OA and YA groups.
  • Temporal differences in muscle synergies correlated with executive functions (Trail Making Test) in MCI patients.
  • Delayed activation of right Biceps Femoris and right Erector Spinae was noted in MCI and OA compared to YA.

Conclusions:

  • Motor program alterations in MCI patients suggest subtle motor command modifications prior to functional impairment.
  • The study identified early trunk muscle activation patterns in MCI, rather than delayed activation.
  • These findings highlight potential preclinical motor changes in individuals with MCI.