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Vitalism as Pathos.

Thomas Osborne1

  • 1SPAIS (School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies), University of Bristol, 11 Priory Road, Bristol, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This paper re-evaluates vitalism, arguing a renewed approach should focus on the living organism's normativity and pathic aspects, not generalized processes. This vitalism emphasizes concrete, disciplinary foundations for understanding life.

Keywords:
CanguilhemMechanismVitalismvon Uexküll - Nietzsche

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • History of Biology
  • Life Sciences

Background:

  • Vitalism, the idea that living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living entities, has persisted despite numerous refutations.
  • Contemporary invocations of vitalism, particularly in social sciences and humanities, often adopt generalized, processual frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically assess current trends in vitalism and propose a more original and compelling conception of life.
  • To argue for a renewed vitalism grounded in the normativity and pathic aspects of living organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of vitalism across different disciplines.
  • Critique of generalized, processual vitalism versus a concrete, disciplinary approach.
  • Exploration of philosophical sources, particularly Canguilhem and Nietzsche.

Main Results:

  • Recent vitalist perspectives in social sciences and humanities overlook the core originality of the vitalist perspective.
  • A renewed vitalism must be based on the normativity of the living organism, not generalized concepts of process or becoming.
  • This vitalism should be concrete and 'disciplinary,' incorporating pathic elements like pathology and error.

Conclusions:

  • A contemporary vitalism needs to be grounded in the specific normativity of organisms and their inherent vulnerabilities (pathic aspects).
  • Philosophical resources from Canguilhem and Nietzsche offer a more fruitful basis for a renewed, pathic vitalism than Bergson, Whitehead, or Deleuze.