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The Ergogenic Effect of Amphetamine.

Dmitry V Zaretsky1, Mary Beth Brown2, Maria V Zaretskaia1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 720 Eskenazi Ave, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, 46202.

Temperature (Austin, Tex.)
|August 30, 2016
PubMed
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Amphetamine (Amp) can increase exercise duration and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2MAX) by masking fatigue. However, its ergogenic effects may be diminished in warm environments, particularly at higher doses.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Amphetamine (Amp) is known to increase exercise duration, potentially by masking fatigue.
  • Limited research exists on amphetamine's effects on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2MAX) and running economy.
  • The impact of amphetamine on exercise performance in warm environments remains largely uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of amphetamine on VO2MAX, running economy, and exercise duration in rats.
  • To determine if amphetamine's ergogenic effects persist in a warm environment (32°C).
  • To explore the relationship between amphetamine dosage and physiological responses during exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in separate experiments for VO2MAX, running economy, and exercise duration.
Keywords:
Exertional heat strokeExhaustionRunning economyVO2Maxamphetamine

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  • Rats received amphetamine at 1 mg/kg (Amp-1) or 2 mg/kg (Amp-2) or saline in a crossover or run-to-exhaustion design.
  • Measurements included VO2MAX, running economy, time to exhaustion, and body temperature at exhaustion in a 32°C environment.

    • Main Results:

    • Amphetamine at 2 mg/kg significantly increased VO2MAX and time to reach VO2MAX compared to control.
    • Amphetamine at 1 mg/kg increased time to reach VO2MAX but did not affect VO2MAX or running economy.
    • In warm conditions, only Amp-1 significantly increased exercise duration, while both doses elevated exhaustion temperatures.

    Conclusions:

    • Amphetamine's ergogenic effect on exercise appears to be mediated by fatigue masking.
    • Higher doses of amphetamine may have diminished ergogenic effects in warm environments due to increased body temperature.
    • These findings highlight the complex interaction between amphetamine, exercise intensity, and environmental temperature.