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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Leaky Scanning02:28

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Translational Activities to Enable NTD Vaccines.

S A Gray1, R N Coler2, D Carter3

  • 1PAI Life Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|August 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Developing new vaccines for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) is crucial. Global efforts and partnerships are advancing NTD vaccine candidates through clinical trials, addressing challenges for equitable access in low-income regions.

Keywords:
antigensexpression systemfermentationschistosomiasisvaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Global health
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are poverty-related infections prevalent in tropical/subtropical regions.
  • NTDs suffer from inadequate public health attention, research funding, and R&D pipelines.
  • Challenges include diagnostic inconsistencies, treatment access disparities, and climate change impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review global efforts in developing vaccines for NTDs.
  • To highlight translational activities for advancing vaccine candidates to clinical trials.
  • To identify hurdles in ensuring vaccine availability in low-income countries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global initiatives and partnerships in NTD vaccine development.
  • Analysis of translational research and clinical trial progression.
  • Examination of challenges in vaccine accessibility for impoverished populations.

Main Results:

  • Nonprofit product development partnerships (PDPs) lead NTD vaccine development, collaborating with academic, industrial, and developing country partners.
  • Progress is being made in advancing vaccine candidates for diseases like schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease.
  • Significant hurdles remain in clinical translation and ensuring equitable access to vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for new vaccines against NTDs, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and malaria.
  • Collaborative efforts are essential to overcome R&D and access challenges for NTD vaccines.
  • Ensuring availability of effective NTD vaccines in underserved regions requires sustained global commitment.