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Clinically relevant variations of the superior thyroid cornu.
Thomas Shiozawa1, P Epe2, S Herlan2
1Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. thomas.shiozawa@uni-tuebingen.de.
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|August 31, 2016
Summary
The superior thyroid cornu (STC) anatomy varies significantly between sexes. Extreme medial deviation of the STC, particularly in males, may cause superior thyroid cornu syndrome, detectable via CT scans.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Radiology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- The superior thyroid cornu (STC) is a variable anatomical structure.
- Variations in STC anatomy can be associated with clinical symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the three-dimensional anatomy of the superior thyroid cornu (STC).
- To identify and quantify variations in STC morphology.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography (CT) scans of 97 individuals (45 male, 52 female) were analyzed.
- Measurements included STC length, rotation angle, inclination angle, and deviation from the midline.
- The medial inclination quotient (Q) was calculated to assess deviation.
Main Results:
- Mean STC length was 13.9 ± 3.26 mm.
- Males exhibited greater inward rotation (60.95°) and lower Q (0.85) compared to females.
- Extreme medial deviation (Q ≤ 0.7) occurred in 13.4% of patients, predominantly in males.
Conclusions:
- Extreme medial deviation of the STC is clinically significant and may cause superior thyroid cornu syndrome.
- The medial inclination quotient (Q) is a useful metric for diagnosing STC variations on axial CT scans.
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