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Safety of Technosphere Inhaled Insulin
1OliveView-UCLA Medical Center, David-Geffen Medical School, Los Angeles, CA,. United States.
Current Drug Safety
|August 31, 2016
Summary
Technosphere insulin (TI), an inhaled mealtime insulin, is less effective than injected insulin but reduces hypoglycemia and weight gain. Its use is limited by cough and the need for respiratory monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Technosphere insulin (TI), also known as Afrezza, is an inhaled short-acting human insulin for mealtime use.
- It offers an alternative delivery method to subcutaneous injections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of technosphere insulin.
- To compare TI with subcutaneous insulin aspart.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted.
- Included human, animal, and in-vitro studies up to September 2016.
- Focused on the safety profile of TI.
Main Results:
- TI showed a slightly lower reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by 0.19% compared to insulin aspart.
- TI use was linked to a reduced risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain.
- Cough (24-33%) was the most frequent adverse effect, typically dry and transient.
- TI is contraindicated in asthma and COPD patients due to bronchospasm risk and not recommended for smokers.
- Pulmonary function monitoring is required at baseline, 6 months, and annually.
Conclusions:
- TI is a potentially useful prandial insulin.
- Its adoption is constrained by a high incidence of cough.
- Frequent respiratory monitoring and a lack of long-term safety data limit its use.
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