Alignment and component position after patient-matched instrumentation versus conventional total knee arthroplasty

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Device Technology

Background:

• Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for knee osteoarthritis.
• Accurate component placement and limb alignment are crucial for TKA success.
• Patient-matched instrumentation (PMI) aims to improve surgical precision in TKA.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the accuracy of patient-matched instrumentation (PMI) versus conventional instrumentation in TKA.
• To evaluate differences in limb alignment and component positioning between PMI and conventional TKA.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving patients undergoing PMI TKA and conventional TKA.
• Assessment of limb alignment and component position using computed tomography (Perth protocol).
• Measurements included bone resection, operating time, and instrument tray usage.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in limb alignment or coronal/sagittal component positioning between PMI and conventional TKA.
• PMI showed a significantly higher rate of correct femoral component rotation (55% vs. 20%).
• Intraoperative findings indicated acceptable fit and stability of PMI cutting blocks with no adverse events.

Conclusions:

• Patient-matched instrumentation (PMI) is as accurate as conventional instrumentation for TKA.
• PMI offers an advantage in achieving optimal femoral component rotation.
• Both methods yielded comparable limb alignment and component positioning in the coronal and sagittal planes.