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Immune checkpoint inhibitors: the new frontier in non-small-cell lung cancer treatment

Hazem El-Osta1, Kamran Shahid1, Glenn M Mills1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.

Oncotargets and Therapy
|August 31, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Immune checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab and pembrolizumab offer new hope for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients. These therapies harness the immune system to fight tumors, improving outcomes for those who have not responded to chemotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality in the US.
  • Despite advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapies, metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis is poor.
  • Understanding tumor-immune interactions reveals immune checkpoint inhibitors as a promising immunotherapy approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of cancer immune evasion.
  • To summarize clinical trial data for immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC.
  • To discuss strategies for optimizing immunotherapy and challenges in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cancer immune evasion mechanisms.
  • Analysis of completed and ongoing clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies and future challenges.

Main Results:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab) are approved for advanced NSCLC post-chemotherapy.
  • These therapies remove immune system inhibition, promoting anti-tumor responses.
  • Ongoing trials and optimization strategies are actively being investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a significant advancement in NSCLC treatment.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and maximize therapeutic efficacy.
  • This immunotherapy approach holds promise for improving patient outcomes in advanced lung cancer.
Keywords:
checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapynivolumabnon-small-cell lung cancerpembrolizumabprogrammed death ligand-1programmed death-1

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