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Related Concept Videos

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery
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Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery

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Preclinical Pain Research: Can We Do Better?

J David Clark1

  • 1From the Department of Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; and Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Anesthesiology
|August 31, 2016
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Summary

Developing new pain relief medications is slow due to preclinical research issues. A more rigorous approach to animal models and pain measurement is needed for successful analgesic drug development.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • The development of novel analgesic drugs has significantly slowed in recent decades.
  • Numerous promising pain relief candidates have failed in clinical trials, incurring substantial costs.
  • Inefficiencies in preclinical research methodologies and reporting practices contribute to these failures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenges in developing new analgesics.
  • To reevaluate the selection and application of preclinical animal models for pain research.
  • To improve the methods used for measuring pain-related responses in preclinical studies.

Main Methods:

  • Reevaluation of animal model selection for pain research.
  • Refinement of methods for assessing pain-related behaviors in preclinical studies.
  • Adoption of enhanced reporting standards, including clear hypotheses, detailed methods, statistical approaches, and conflict of interest disclosures.

Main Results:

  • The study highlights the need for improved rigor in preclinical pain research.
  • New journal requirements are increasing the demands on laboratory-based research groups.
  • A more systematic and transparent approach to preclinical studies is being advocated.

Conclusions:

  • Enhancing the rigor of preclinical investigations is crucial for advancing the development of effective analgesics.
  • Improved animal models and pain assessment techniques are essential for reducing translational failures.
  • Stricter reporting standards in scientific publications aim to improve the reliability of preclinical research findings.