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Drug-Induced Itch Management.

Toshiya Ebata1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Chitofuna Dermatology Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.

Current Problems in Dermatology
|September 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Drug-induced itch, a common side effect of medications, can manifest with or without skin lesions. Effective antipruritic treatments are crucial, especially for anticancer drugs, to maintain quality of life and treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Drug-induced itch can occur with or without skin lesions, impacting patient quality of life.
  • Common causes include drug-induced cholestasis, opioids, antimalarials, and hydroxyethyl starch.
  • Targeted anticancer drugs, particularly epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, frequently cause itching as a significant adverse event.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define drug-induced itch and explore its association with various medications.
  • To investigate the clinical features and proposed mechanisms of drug-induced pruritus.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for drug-induced itch, emphasizing supportive care for anticancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of drug-induced pruritus, focusing on clinical presentations and mechanisms.

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  • Analysis of adverse dermatologic events associated with targeted anticancer drugs.
  • Summary of diagnostic criteria and treatment principles for drug-induced itch.

    • Main Results:

    • Drug-induced itch is a frequent adverse event, often necessitating dose adjustments or treatment cessation.
    • Anticancer drugs, especially EGFR inhibitors, commonly cause itch, impacting patient adherence and therapy effectiveness.
    • Discontinuation of the causative agent is the primary treatment, except for essential anticancer medications.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective antipruritic management is vital for patients experiencing drug-induced itch, particularly those on anticancer therapy.
    • Symptomatic treatment is essential when drug withdrawal is not feasible or itch persists.
    • Further research into specific antipruritic therapies for various drug-induced itch types is warranted.