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Leaving negative ancestors behind.

Sergio A Muñoz-Gómez1, Andrew J Roger1

  • 1Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, CIFAR Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.

Elife
|September 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria in the Firmicutes phylum have independently evolved single cell membranes from ancestors with two membranes multiple times. This evolutionary adaptation highlights the diverse pathways bacteria utilize to simplify cellular structure.

Keywords:
FirmicutesHalanaerobialesNegativicutescell biologyevolutionary biologygenomicsnonephylogenomics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The Firmicutes phylum includes bacteria with diverse cell envelope structures.
  • Understanding the evolution of cell membranes provides insight into bacterial adaptation.
  • Ancestral bacteria typically possessed a double membrane structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary history of single-membrane bacteria within the Firmicutes phylum.
  • To determine the number of independent evolutionary events leading to a single cell membrane in this bacterial group.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial genomes.
  • Comparative genomics to identify conserved and divergent genetic elements related to cell membrane structure.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests multiple independent evolutionary origins of single-membrane bacteria within Firmicutes.
  • Specific ancestral lineages with two membranes gave rise to simplified single-membrane forms on several occasions.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of a single cell membrane in Firmicutes is a recurring adaptive event.
  • This demonstrates convergent evolution in bacterial cell envelope development.