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Penicillium marneffei Infection with β-D-glucan Elevation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Yukihiro Yoshimura1, Yohei Sakamoto, Kwangyeol Lee

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|September 2, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Penicillium marneffei infection (PMI) is a fungal disease affecting immunocompromised individuals. In Japan, elevated serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels may aid in diagnosing PMI, especially in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunocompromised Hosts

Background:

  • Penicillium marneffei infection (PMI) is an opportunistic fungal infection.
  • Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection increases susceptibility to PMI.
  • Understanding PMI epidemiology in non-endemic regions like Japan is crucial.

Observation:

  • A case of PMI in a Japanese man with HIV-1 is presented.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via bone marrow culture.
  • The patient responded well to itraconazole treatment.

Findings:

  • Review of reported PMI cases in Japan suggests a diagnostic pattern.
  • Elevated serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan levels correlate with PMI.
  • This biomarker shows potential for early PMI detection.

Implications:

  • Increased serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan may serve as a valuable diagnostic marker for PMI in Japan.
  • Early diagnosis can lead to timely and effective treatment with antifungal agents like itraconazole.
  • Further research on diagnostic tools for PMI in immunocompromised patients is warranted.

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