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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD
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Current best practice for disease activity assessment in IBD.

Alissa J Walsh1, Robert V Bryant2,3, Simon P L Travis1

  • 1Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Experimental Medicine Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.

Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|September 2, 2016
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Summary

Assessing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity requires objective measures beyond clinical remission to guide treatment effectively. This review evaluates various tools for accurate IBD disease activity assessment in clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Therapeutic advances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) management necessitate a shift towards objective disease activity assessment.
  • Current 'treat to target' strategies emphasize inflammation monitoring beyond clinical remission for optimal patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review and evaluate diverse measures for assessing IBD disease activity.
  • To provide a practical appraisal of assessment tools for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical, endoscopic, histological, and radiological assessment tools.
  • Evaluation of biomarkers and quality of life measures in IBD.
  • Appraisal based on index validation, responsiveness, clinical trial experience, and practical utility.

Main Results:

  • Multiple domains exist for IBD disease activity assessment, each with unique strengths and limitations.
  • No single assessment tool is perfect; a combination may be necessary.
  • The review offers a subjective appraisal of the most suitable indices for clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate IBD disease activity assessment is crucial for guiding therapy and achieving treatment targets.
  • This review provides clinicians with confidence and access to tools for effective IBD management.
  • Objective inflammation assessment is key to personalized IBD treatment strategies.