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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

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Using Multilayered Hydrogel Bioink in Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Homogeneous Cell Distribution
Published on: May 2, 2020
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Dual-Stage Crosslinking of a Gel-Phase Bioink Improves Cell Viability and Homogeneity for 3D Bioprinting
Karen Dubbin1, Yuki Hori1, Kazuomori K Lewis2
1Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Advanced Healthcare Materials
|September 2, 2016
Abstract:
Current bioinks for cell-based 3D bioprinting are not suitable for technology scale-up due to the challenges of cell sedimentation, cell membrane damage, and cell dehydration. A novel bioink hydrogel is presented with dual-stage crosslinking specifically designed to overcome these three major hurdles. This bioink enables the direct patterning of highly viable, multicell type constructs with long-term spatial fidelity.

