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Is there a pathological alpha angle for hip impingement? A diagnostic test study.

Cristián Barrientos1, Maximiliano Barahona1, Jorge Diaz2

  • 11. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Clínico Universidad De Chile, Santos Dumontt 999, Independencia, Santiago 8380456, Region Metropolitana, Chile.

Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery
|September 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The alpha angle, measured via CT scan, can help diagnose cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). A threshold of 57° offers high sensitivity and specificity for identifying symptomatic FAI.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The normal range for the alpha angle in diagnosing cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) remains debated.
  • FAI is a condition characterized by abnormal contact between the femur and acetabulum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare alpha angle measurements between asymptomatic volunteers and patients with symptomatic cam-type FAI.
  • To establish a diagnostic cut-off value for alpha angle in identifying symptomatic cam impingement.

Main Methods:

  • A diagnostic test study comparing alpha angles measured on CT scans.
  • Cases included patients surgically treated for symptomatic cam or mixed FAI; controls were asymptomatic volunteers.
  • Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were used to determine the optimal cut-off value.

Main Results:

  • The mean alpha angle was significantly higher in the FAI group (67° ± 12°) compared to controls (48° ± 5°).
  • An alpha angle of 57° was identified as the diagnostic cut-off, yielding a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 95%.
  • The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed excellent diagnostic performance (0.96 [0.93-0.99]).

Conclusions:

  • An alpha angle of 57° on CT scans is a reliable indicator for diagnosing symptomatic cam-type femoroacetabular impingement.
  • This diagnostic threshold aids in correlating hip pain with cam impingement in clinical practice.