Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.3K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.3K
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

1.5K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
1.5K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

1.2K
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.2K
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

2.7K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
2.7K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

4.0K
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
4.0K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2.9K
COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a benign condition?

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2015
Same author

Infant mortality: an insured population perspective.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2012
Same author

Omental infarction: an unusual cause of abdominal pain.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2010
Same author

Pediatric overweight: a weighty mortality concern.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2009
Same journal

Creating Evidence-Based Ratings and Life Expectancies Medical Impairments.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The Smoking Dilemma: A Technical Deep Dive.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Biological Clocks: Ready for Prime Time?

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

GLP-1 Therapies and Mortality Risk: Implications for Life Insurers.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Identifying Benzodiazepine Abuse: A Report of 3 Cases.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Between Fear and Adoption: The AI Paradox in Medico-Legal Practice Among National Insurance Physicians.

Journal of insurance medicine (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

10.7K

HIV: A Chronic Condition.

Daniel D Zimmerman

    Journal of Insurance Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
    |September 2, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anti-retroviral therapy has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into a chronic condition. This review examines the long-term health issues and outcomes associated with lifelong HIV management.

    Keywords:
    AIDSHIVanti-retroviral therapymorbiditymortality

    More Related Videos

    Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
    06:07

    Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

    Published on: October 6, 2022

    3.0K
    Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
    07:21

    Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment

    Published on: June 23, 2019

    22.7K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

    Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
    09:54

    Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

    Published on: December 3, 2019

    10.7K
    Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
    06:07

    Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

    Published on: October 6, 2022

    3.0K
    Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
    07:21

    Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment

    Published on: June 23, 2019

    22.7K

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Immunology
    • Chronic Disease Management

    Background:

    • Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outcomes.
    • HIV infection is now a chronic condition rather than an acute, life-threatening illness.
    • Managing long-term sequelae of chronic HIV is a growing clinical challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the long-term consequences of chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
    • To discuss the evolving landscape of HIV management beyond acute acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) complications.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review focusing on chronic HIV sequelae.
    • Synthesis of current understanding of long-term HIV complications.

    Main Results:

    • HIV infection managed with ART presents chronic disease challenges.
    • Long-term complications, not acute AIDS events, are now the primary concern.
    • Understanding these sequelae is crucial for sustained patient health.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic HIV infection requires long-term management strategies.
    • Focus is shifting towards managing decades-long consequences of HIV.
    • Further research into long-term HIV sequelae is essential.