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Autoimmune swallowing disorders.

Janine Amos1, Anthony Baron, Adam D Rubin

  • 1aMclaren Oakland Hospital, Pontiac bMichigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing cMichigan State University, East Lansing dSt. John Macomb Hospital, Madison Heights eOakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester fLakeshore Professional Voice Center, St. Clair Shores, Michigan, USA.

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|September 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dysphagia can signal autoimmune diseases. Otolaryngologists must recognize these systemic conditions, aiding in diagnosis and management of swallowing difficulties for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can be an early indicator of underlying autoimmune disorders.
  • Otolaryngologists play a crucial role in identifying systemic diseases presenting as swallowing problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review autoimmune conditions that manifest with dysphagia.
  • To emphasize the otolaryngologist's role in diagnosing and managing these cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of autoimmune diseases affecting swallowing, including Sjogren's syndrome, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, pemphigus/pemphigoid, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and inflammatory myopathies.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches: clinical presentation, serology, and biopsy.
  • Overview of treatment strategies: corticosteroids, immune modulators, and symptomatic therapy.

Main Results:

  • Several autoimmune diseases can cause dysphagia, impacting the swallowing mechanism.
  • Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical evaluation, specific antibody tests (serology), and tissue examination (biopsy).
  • Treatment typically involves immunosuppressive medications and supportive care, often in collaboration with rheumatologists.

Conclusions:

  • Otolaryngologists should consider systemic autoimmune diseases in patients with dysphagia.
  • Accurate recognition and evaluation by otolaryngologists can lead to timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
  • The otolaryngologist's expertise is vital in localizing swallowing issues and guiding treatment plans for these complex cases.