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Nutritional supplements modulate fluorescent protein-bound advanced glycation endproducts and digestive enzymes
1School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of the South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Background:
Chronic hyperglycemia enhances the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to diabetic complications. Thus, controlling blood glucose levels, inhibiting the formation of AGEs and reducing ROS are key therapeutic targets in early stage type 2 diabetes.
Methods:
The inhibitory effects of seven commercial liquid nutritional supplements against carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, was determined by dinitrosalicylic (DNS) reagent and p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside solution, respectively. Antiglycation activity was determined using the formation of fluorescent protein-bound AGEs. Total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant properties (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant activity (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) were determined for correlation among these components and inhibitory activities.
Results:
Samoan noni juice showed the greatest inhibitory effects against α-amylase, whereas chlorophyll extracts showed the greatest inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase. Inhibition of α-glucosidase correlated with TFC (r(2) = 0.766; p < 0.01) and FRAP (r(2) = 0.750; p < 0.01) whereas no correlation was observed for α-amylase inhibition. All supplements inhibited fluorescent protein-bound AGEs, with the greatest effect exerted by Olive Leaf Extract, Blood Sugar Support (IC50 = 0.5 mg/ml). The IC50 values negatively correlated with TPC (r(2) = -0.707; p < 0.001) and DPPH scavenging activities (r(2) = 0.515; p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
The findings of this study highlight the potential of liquid nutritional supplements in managing and treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Insights
Liquid nutritional supplements show promise for managing type 2 diabetes by inhibiting carbohydrate digestion and reducing advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). These supplements offer a potential dietary approach to controlling blood glucose levels and mitigating diabetic complications.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, driving diabetic complications.
- Therapeutic strategies for early T2DM focus on glycemic control, AGE formation inhibition, and ROS reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of seven commercial liquid nutritional supplements in inhibiting carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase).
- To assess the antiglycation potential and antioxidant properties of these supplements.
- To correlate biochemical properties with inhibitory activities.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme inhibition assays using dinitrosalicylic (DNS) reagent and p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside.
- Antiglycation activity assessed via fluorescent protein-bound AGEs.
- Total phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging, and FRAP assays were performed.
Main Results:
- Samoan noni juice exhibited the highest α-amylase inhibition, while chlorophyll extracts were most effective against α-glucosidase.
- α-glucosidase inhibition correlated with total flavonoid content (TFC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).
- All supplements inhibited AGEs, with Olive Leaf Extract showing the strongest effect (IC50 = 0.5 mg/ml), correlating negatively with total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH activity.
Conclusions:
- Liquid nutritional supplements demonstrate potential as adjuncts in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Specific supplements show significant enzyme inhibitory and antiglycation activities.
- Further research into these supplements could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for T2DM.
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