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Relationship between serum IgA level and allergy/asthma.

Woo-Jin Kim1, Inseon S Choi1, Chang Seong Kim1

  • 1Department of Allergy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Graduate School and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
|September 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels, even within the normal range, are linked to house dust mite (HDM) sensitization and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in adults with suspected asthma. Higher IgA levels correlate with reduced HDM sensitization and AHR severity.

Keywords:
AsthmaHyper-responsivenessImmunoglobulin ASensitization

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) plays a role in preventing allergen entry.
  • The relationship between normal serum IgA levels and allergic sensitization requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum IgA levels (within the normal range) and sensitization to house dust mites (HDM).
  • To examine the link between serum IgA levels and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in adults with suspected asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical records for 1,136 adult patients with suspected asthma.
  • Comparison of AHR and allergy indices across three serum IgA level groups: low (<140 mg/dL), intermediate (140-280 mg/dL), and high (≥280 mg/dL).

Main Results:

  • A significant inverse relationship was observed between higher serum IgA levels and HDM sensitization.
  • Higher serum IgA levels were associated with a reduced risk of HDM sensitization (OR, 0.617).
  • Low serum IgA levels (<140 mg/dL) were identified as a significant risk factor for moderate/severe AHR (OR, 2.306), particularly in younger subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Serum IgA levels, even within the normal range, are significantly associated with HDM sensitization in suspected asthmatics.
  • Serum IgA levels are also significantly associated with methacholine-induced airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR).
  • These findings suggest a potential role for serum IgA in modulating allergic responses and airway reactivity.