Tilting and moving-object lens for a 3D electron microscope

I investigated the tilting and movement of the objective lens of a 3D electron microscope electrically as an extension of the moving-objective lens concept. The electric or magnetic potential along the tilted optical axis is analytically expressed by a multipole potential expansion about the fixed central axis. The field distributions for axially symmetric dipole and quadrupole components are numerically shown, where the optical axis of a bell-shaped magnetic lens is tilted around the lens center by up to 60°. The hexapole and octapole components are also shown at a tilt angle of 45°.