Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

11.9K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
11.9K
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

15.2K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
15.2K
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

10.4K
The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
10.4K
Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria01:29

Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria

4.4K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
4.4K
Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

4.4K
The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000...
4.4K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

3.3K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of Escherichia coli K12 and O18:K1 on human platelets: Differential effects on platelet activation, RNAs and proteins.

Scientific reports·2018
Same author

Statin treatment reduces matrix degradation capacity of proinflammatory polarized macrophages.

Vascular pharmacology·2018
Same author

Hamostaseologie·2018
Same author

High proportion of patients with bleeding of unknown cause in persons with a mild-to-moderate bleeding tendency: Results from the Vienna Bleeding Biobank (VIBB).

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2018
Same author

Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin administration on erythrocyte and leucocyte parameters.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2017
Same author

Difference in release kinetics of unwashed and washed platelet-released supernatants from bone substitute materials: the impact of platelet preparation modalities.

Journal of periodontal research·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions
10:24

In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions

Published on: June 11, 2015

11.3K

Platelet-borne complement proteins and their role in platelet-bacteria interactions.

I Arbesu1, M Bucsaiova1, M B Fischer2,3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|September 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Platelets contain a unique form of complement protein C3 and activate upon encountering bacteria like E. coli. This interaction enhances the immune system's complement activation, improving defense against bacterial infections.

Keywords:
Gram-negative bacteriacomplementinfectionmegakaryocytesplatelets

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
04:37

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.2K
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions
10:24

In Vitro and In Vivo Model to Study Bacterial Adhesion to the Vessel Wall Under Flow Conditions

Published on: June 11, 2015

11.3K
Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation
04:37

Comprehensive Analysis of Procoagulant Platelets Exhibiting Features of Necrosis, Apoptosis and Platelet Activation

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.2K
Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Platelets are increasingly recognized for their role in immune defense.
  • They bind plasma complement proteins, initiate complement activation, and interact with bacteria.
  • The specific contribution of platelets to complement-mediated defense against bacterial infections requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate platelet interactions with Escherichia coli.
  • To evaluate the role of platelet complement proteins in host defense against bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to study platelet-E. coli interactions.
  • PCR, RT-PCR, confocal microscopy, and western blotting analyzed complement proteins and RNA in megakaryocytes and platelets.
  • Platelet activation was assessed by CD62P and CD63 expression.

Main Results:

  • E. coli induced platelet activation, evidenced by CD62P and CD63 expression.
  • Megakaryocytes and platelets contain complement C3, with platelet C3 exhibiting different electrophoretic mobility than plasma C3.
  • Bacterial contact triggered C3 translocation to the platelet surface, an effect not seen with thrombin receptor activating peptide or lipopolysaccharide.

Conclusions:

  • Platelets possess a distinct form of complement C3.
  • Platelets can enhance plasma complement activation, thereby modulating immune defense against bacteria.