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The Automation-by-Expertise-by-Training Interaction.

Barry Strauch¹

¹National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, DC.

|September 4, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Operator errors with automated systems persist due to a failure to integrate automation design with operator expertise and training. Addressing this interaction is key to improving operator performance and safety.

Keywords:

accident analysis expert–novice differences human error analysis sociotechnical systems

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Area of Science:

Human-computer interaction
Sociotechnical systems
Automation and control

Background:

Identical automation-related operator errors in transportation accidents over 30 years indicate a need to reassess traditional automation perspectives.
Current automated systems often exceed operator needs and possess interfaces that can degrade situation awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and examine the automation-by-expertise-by-training interaction.
To discuss the influence of this interaction on operator performance and automation-related errors.

Main Methods:

Review of accident investigation reports, regulator studies, and literature on human-computer interaction, expertise, and training.
Analysis of how the interplay between automation, expertise, and training contributes to operator errors.

Main Results:

Automated systems' capabilities and interfaces can outpace operator needs and hinder situation awareness.
Training limitations prevent operators from acquiring necessary expertise, forcing ad hoc learning during operation, often resulting in insufficient automation-related system expertise.

Conclusions:

Integrating automation design with operator expertise levels and robust training programs can mitigate automation-related operator errors.
Further research, potentially using observational and ethnographic methods, is needed to improve design-training integration and enhance operator performance.