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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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CADASIL: Imaging Characteristics and Clinical Correlation.

Shuhan Zhu1, Stephanie J Nahas2

  • 1Jefferson Headache Center, 900 Walnut Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA. shuhan.zhu@gmail.com.

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|September 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a genetic condition caused by NOTCH3 gene mutations. Early recognition of clinical and radiologic findings is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
CADASILCerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathyEncephalopathyGeneticMagnetic resonance imagingMigraineNOTCH3Stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary cerebrovascular disorder.
  • It is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene, leading to progressive neurological deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the clinical and radiologic features of CADASIL.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing CADASIL for timely diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations including migraines, strokes, and cognitive decline.
  • Analysis of characteristic neuroimaging findings such as white matter disease, microbleeds, and large vessel stenosis.

Main Results:

  • CADASIL presents with migraines, strokes, and cognitive decline, often leading to severe impairment.
  • Characteristic MRI findings include confluent subcortical white matter disease, particularly in the anterior temporal poles and external capsule.
  • Associated findings include cerebral microbleeds and large vessel stenosis, especially in Asian populations.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic testing is definitive for CADASIL diagnosis.
  • Clinical suspicion based on characteristic symptoms and radiologic patterns is essential.
  • Familiarity with CADASIL's imaging features aids in accurate diagnosis and patient management.